Socrates and Machiavelli are two the greatest philosophers known today. Both had an effective way of showing and standing up for what they believe in.
While both men were very intelligent, Socrates and Machiavelli differ with their views on justice. Socrates defines justice as doing what is best for the wellbeing of his country. Socrates shows this. Socrates was a moral philosopher who was accused of impiety and was about to be tried for a crime, the nature of which no one seemed to understand. Within the story we learned that the relationship between morality and religion might not be as clear-cut as some might.
In many ways, Socrates changed the idea of common philosophy in ancient Greece; he transformed their view on philosophy from a study of why the way things are, into a consideration man. Specifically, he analyzed the virtue and health of the human soul. Along side commending Socrates for his strong beliefs, and having the courage to stand by those convictions, Socrates can be commended for many other desirable characteristics.
This is why he asks Euthyphro to define piety, so that he himself will have a measure for deciding what is religious and what is not, thus be able to defend himself in court. Euthyphro answers that what he is doing in prosecuting his father is religious, and he cites the precedent of Zeus punishing his own father Cronos. Socrates then questions many of the stories about strife among the gods over the next few passages as Euthyphro continues to defend the gods.
This questioning of the stories about the gods is what leads to his trial in the first place, that he questioned them and that because he was a teacher it caused the youth to question the gods. If you question the gods and the gods are pious, you are in turn acting with impiety. Do you not recollect that there was one idea which made the impious impious, and the pious pious?
After Euthyphro confesses that he is unable to make any progress with this question—having had enough—he excuses himself from further discussion on the grounds that he must keep an appointment.
The Apology dialogue begins with Socrates, at his trial, addressing the court after the prosecution has made their case against him. Socrates begins his defense by remarking what persuasive speakers his accusers are in contrast to himself. He indicates that he does not expect to get a fair hearing because of the wide-spread rumors about him and that these rumors associate him with the natural philosophers.
The problem with that association is that the natural philosophers were widely suspected of atheism because some of them openly advocated atheism. Let the event be as God wills: in obedience to the law I make my defence. This statement is a clue as to what Socrates personal beliefs are on acting just and with piety. With his words, he shows the court that although he does not agree with the charges, he will act as the law has been written for all of the citizens of Athens.
After Socrates gives the court some historical background as to why these rumors exist, he focuses his attention on Meletus and the first charge. Socrates begins by stating that, since Meletus claims to know who is corrupting the youth, he must know who improves them. After some back and forth between the two men, Socrates gets Meletus to say that all Athenians improve the youth and that Socrates is the only one who corrupts the youth.
Socrates continues to use Meletus own words against him throughout and thus making him look quite foolish in front of the court.
Here Socrates, in my opinion, shows the court again that he will turn the other cheek to his accusers and not blame them, but instead chooses to blame what I would like to call the human condition. That is, putting your own self interests before that of others to further your gain.
He professes, "You are wrong, sir, if you think that a man Since Socrates was an honest man, he could not have survived long in the public office, as working there meant sacrificing one's morals. He then recalls his undergoing in the public service. He says, "The government gave many such orders to many people, in order to implicate as many as possible in their guilt" Benjamin Jowett, The Trial And Death Of Socrates.
As a result, he immediately resigned from the office claiming that he would never permit himself to be used as an instrument of a tyrannical government, which intended to propagate guilt among the state's citizens. Throughout the trial, the readers of the book see evidence of Socrates' claim, i. Towards the end, Socrates attempts to convince his fellow Athenians not to give too much of consideration to materialistic wealth over their morality , judgement and souls.
He says, Good sir, you are an Athenian, a citizen of the greatest city with the greatest reputation for both wisdom and power ; are you not ashamed of your eagerness to possess as much wealth, reputation, and honors as possible, while you do not care for nor give thought to wisdom or truth, or the best possible state of your soul? A and Wealth does not bring about excellence, but excellence makes wealth and everything else good for men, both individually and collectively Benjamin Jowett, The Trial And Death Of Socrates.
What Socrates was basically pointing at was that wealth has its true value if it is utilized in a worthwhile manner. He emphasized that people must bring forth their virtuous attitude to consummation. Extreme evidence of Socrates' claim is seen when he accepts the verdict of the court with composure. He had great belief in the immaculateness and rectitude of the soul and emphasized others to be that way in their day-to-day lives.
Upon hearing the sentence, Socrates claims that it is only the body of a person that dies but his piousness lives forever. Evidence of Socrates claim that, he is wise only in his ignorance is seen towards the end when he informs the jury about his emotions towards death. He states, "To fear death, gentleman, is no other than to think oneself wise when one is not, to think one knows what one does not know" and "good hope that death is a blessing" Benjamin Jowett, The Trial And Death Of Socrates.
Socrates believed that since he had no idea about what death actually was, he had no emotions such as fear for it. He only wished that after death he could go to another place where he could once again judge people about their wisdom. He says, "I could spend my time testing and examining people there, as I do here, as to who among them is wise, and who thinks he is, but is not" Benjamin Jowett, The Trial And Death Of Socrates.
Socrates was a great philosopher of the Greek world. He was quite an atypical and distinctive person. Being different from all the other philosophers of the land, Socrates was teaching his students ideas totally out of the ordinary from what the society believed was right. As a result, he displeased many people so much that they decided to get rid of him. Socrates was put to trial, accused of spoiling the youth of Athens, tried and sentenced to death.
His personal defense is described in works two. During the narratives, Socrates gives us, as readers, insight towards his beliefs and philosophy, which are viewed as reasons for his imprisonment. All perceived lusts, greed, and fear are caused. The reason for this unwavering doubt was not because of his inability to prove his innocence but in the predetermined notions the jurors came into the trial believing about him. The actual charges brought against socrates were corrupting the youth and impiety and the.
Socrates' Trial In B. He faced several accusations of different sorts. Initially, the court had pronounced Socrates guilty. However, because the law had no penalty ordained for his offense, it was required of Socrates to propose his own penalty, or to take the one suggested by Meletos, the death penalty. When the time had come for Socrates to state his defense, he addressed each of the accusations made against him, one by one.
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